NUTRITION BASICS Nutrients can be divided into two categories: macronutrients, and micronutrients. Macronutrients are those nutrients that...
NUTRITION BASICS
Nutrients can be divided into two categories: macronutrients, and micronutrients. Macronutrients are those nutrients that the body needs in large amounts. These provide the body with energy (calories). Micronutrients are those nutrients that the body needs in smaller amounts.
Assuming that they are consuming a variety of fruits, vegetables, grains, and proteins, most adults naturally consume adequate amounts of macronutrients and most vitamins and minerals without the need to track food intake. Special considerations may need to be taken for individuals following a special diet (e.g. vegan), individuals with certain medical conditions (e.g. diabetes or celiac), athletes, and individuals who are elderly
Nutrition is how food affects the health of the body. Food is essential—it provides vital nutrients for survival, and helps the body function and stay healthy. Food is comprised of macronutrients including protein, carbohydrates, and fat that not only offer calories to fuel the body and give it energy but play specific roles in maintaining health. Food also supplies micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) and phytochemicals that don't provide calories but serve a variety of critical functions to ensure the body operates optimally.
Nutrient recommendations
How do we know how much of each nutrient we need at each stage of life, from birth to older age?
In the UK, we have a set of Dietary Reference Values (DRVs). These are the expert estimates of the quantities of energy and nutrients needed to support adequate growth, development, and health while reducing the risk of deficiencies and diseases like heart disease, stroke, and cancer.
Of course, people eat foods and not single nutrients but it is the amount and the combination of these nutrients in the foods we eat that can have an effect on our health.
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